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Provided is an in vitro method for differentiating human pluripotent stem cells into atrial cardiomyocytes, comprising steps of (a) contacting the pluripotent stem cells with a Wnt-signaling agonist and/or a BMP-signaling agonist for a period of about 6 - 54 hours, and (b) contacting the contacted cells in step (a) with a Wnt-signaling antagonist for a period of about 6 - 54 hours, wherein the cells are contacted with a retinoic acid-signaling agonist within the first 96 hours of steps (a) and (b) for a period of at least 6 hours.